Glossary

Angles and Transformations

alternate angles – two congruent angles on the opposite side of a transversal that border different parallel lines

angle – a figure formed from two rays extending from the same point

bisect – to divide into two equal parts

complementary angles – two angles that add up to 90°

congruent – having the same shape and same size

corresponding angles – two congruent angles on the same side of a transversal that border different parallel lines

dilation – an enlargement or reduction of a figure

geometry – a field of math that studies the relationships between lines, shapes, and three-dimensional figures

opposite angles – two angles that don’t touch each other and are formed by crossing lines; also called vertical angles

parallel – lines that are exactly the same distance apart and would never meet

perpendicular – at a right angle; at 90° to something

ray – a line extending indefinitely from a single point

reflection – a flip of a figure; a movement of a figure across a line, producing a mirror image

rotation – turn; the turning of a figure

supplementary angles – two angles that add up to 180°

transformation – a change in a shape, or a way of mapping the shape onto another space; examples: translation, reflection, rotation

translation – slide; to move a figure along a line

transversal – a line that divides two parallel lines

vertical angles – two angles that don’t touch each other and are formed by crossing lines; also called opposite angles


Mixtures and Solutions

concentration – the amount of material dissolved in a solution

dilute – to make a solution less concentrated, for example, by adding liquid

dissolve – to cause to spread out and seem to disappear

evaporate – to change from liquid to gas; to dry up

filter – a tool to separate larger pieces of something from liquid, often made of paper

gas – a state of matter that has no fixed shape or volume, for example, air

homogeneous – the same

liquid – a state of matter that has no fixed shape but has a definite volume, for example, water

mass – the amount of matter

matter – all the stuff things are made of

mixture – two or more things combined together

property – something you can observe; characteristics, such as size, color, or smell

saturate – to make a solution so that no more can be dissolved

screen – a tool to separate larger pieces from smaller pieces, often made of metal

solid – a state of matter that has a definite shape and volume, for example, a rock

solubility – the property of substances that can dissolve

soluble – able to dissolve

solute – the solid part of a solution; the stuff that dissolves in liquid

solution – a special kind of mixture with two things mixed together evenly or homogeneously

solvent – the liquid part of a solution

volume – the amount of space something takes up